AG_WINDOW(3)

NAME
AG_Window - agar window system

SYNOPSIS

    #include <agar/core.h>
    #include <agar/gui.h>

DESCRIPTION
The AG_Window object describes an Agar window, the base container for Agar widgets. The AG_Widget(3) objects form a tree structure attached to a parent AG_Window. Agar windows are attached to a parent AG_Driver(3) which provides a bridge between the Agar GUI system and the user's preferred graphics platform / backend.

Widgets can be attached to the AG_Window object itself (it will behave like a standard, vertical AG_Box(3)). Agar's standard toolkit includes a variety of other container widgets, such as AG_Box(3), AG_Fixed(3), AG_Pane(3), AG_Notebook(3) and AG_Scrollview(3).

The dimensions of new Agar windows is best determined automatically (using recursive widget size requests which take resolution, font sizes, etc. into account). Agar widgets are expected to set a proper default size whenever it can be determined automatically, or otherwise provide a suitable application-level API for "size hints".

Newly created windows (as returned by AG_WindowNew()) must be made visible using AG_WindowShow().

Windows are destroyed by a single call to AG_ObjectDetach(3). This effectively puts the window in a garbage-collection queue (the actual freeing of resources will occur only after the end of the current event processing cycle).

INHERITANCE HIERARCHY
AG_Object(3) -> AG_Widget(3) -> AG_Window.

INTERFACE
AG_Window * AG_WindowNew(Uint flags)

AG_Window * AG_WindowNewNamed(Uint flags, const char *format, ...)

AG_Window * AG_WindowNewNamedS(Uint flags, const char *name)

AG_Window * AG_WindowNewUnder(AG_Driver *drv, Uint flags)

void AG_WindowSetCaption(AG_Window *win, const char *format, ...)

void AG_WindowSetCaptionS(AG_Window *win, const char *text)

void AG_WindowSetIcon(AG_Window *win, AG_Surface *surface)

void AG_WindowSetCloseAction(AG_Window *win, AG_WindowCloseAction action)

void AG_WindowSetSideBorders(AG_Window *win, int pixels)

void AG_WindowSetBottomBorder(AG_Window *win, int pixels)

void AG_WindowSetPosition(AG_Window *win, enum ag_window_alignment alignment, int tiling)

int AG_WindowMove(AG_Window *win, int xRel, int yRel)

void AG_WindowSetGeometry(AG_Window *win, int x, int y, int w, int h)

void AG_WindowSetGeometryRect(AG_Window *win, AG_Rect rect, int bounded)

void AG_WindowSetGeometryAligned(AG_Window *win, enum ag_window_alignment alignment, int w, int h)

void AG_WindowSetGeometryAlignedPct(AG_Window *win, enum ag_window_alignment alignment, int wPct, int hPct)

void AG_WindowSetGeometryMax(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowSetMinSize(AG_Window *win, int w, int h)

void AG_WindowSetMinSizePct(AG_Window *win, int pct)

int AG_WindowSetOpacity(AG_Window *win, float opacity)

void AG_WindowSetFadeIn(AG_Window *win, float fadeTime, float fadeIncr)

void AG_WindowSetFadeOut(AG_Window *win, float fadeTime, float fadeIncr)

void AG_WindowSetZoom(AG_Window *win, int zoomLvl)

void AG_ZoomIn(void)

void AG_ZoomOut(void)

void AG_ZoomReset(void)

void AG_WindowMaximize(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowUnmaximize(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowMinimize(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowUnminimize(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowAttach(AG_Window *winParent, AG_Window *winChld)

void AG_WindowDetach(AG_Window *winParent, AG_Window *winChld)

void AG_WindowMakeTransient(AG_Window *winParent, AG_Window *winTrans)

void AG_WindowPin(AG_Window *winParent, AG_Window *winToPin)

void AG_WindowUnpin(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowUpdate(AG_Window *win)

The AG_WindowNew() function creates a new Agar window using the default AG_Driver(3), returning a pointer to the newly created AG_Window or NULL on failure. If the default driver is a single-window driver, the new Agar window is attached to the AG_Driver object. If the default driver is a multiple-window driver, a new AG_Driver object instance is created for the new window. See the FLAGS section below for a description of the available flags options.

The AG_WindowNewNamed() variant creates an Agar window with a unique name identifier. If a window of the same name exists, AG_WindowNewNamed() only moves the focus to that window, and returns NULL. The name may contain any printable character, except ‘/’.

The AG_WindowNewUnder() variant creates a new window and attaches it to an alternate AG_Driver(3) instance drv.

The AG_WindowSetCaption() function sets the text displayed by the titlebar (if there is one). If the string exceeds AG_LABEL_MAX bytes in length, it is truncated.

The AG_WindowSetIcon() function configures an alternate icon for the window. This icon will be used by Agar's internal window manager whenever the window is minimized. The given surface will be duplicated and rescaled if necessary.

AG_WindowSetCloseAction() sets the action to perform on "window-close":

AG_WINDOW_HIDE
    Hide the window. This is the default for named windows created with AG_WindowNewNamed().

AG_WINDOW_DETACH
    Detach and destroy the window. This is the default for anonymous windows created with AG_WindowNew().

AG_WINDOW_IGNORE
    Ignore the close request.

To perform a different action, a custom event handler routine can be set for the "window-close" event (see the EVENTS section).

AG_WindowSetSideBorders() sets the thickness of the left and right window borders in pixels. AG_WindowSetBottomBorder() sets the thickness of the bottom border. The exact interpretation of this setting is theme-specific. The default for side borders is 0 (no side borders). If the win argument is NULL, the defaults are set.

The AG_WindowSetPosition() function moves a window to a standard position, per the specified alignment. Possible values for the alignment argument are:

     AG_WINDOW_TL  AG_WINDOW_TC  AG_WINDOW_TR
     AG_WINDOW_ML  AG_WINDOW_MC  AG_WINDOW_MR
     AG_WINDOW_BL  AG_WINDOW_BC  AG_WINDOW_BR

The special value AG_WINDOW_ALIGNMENT_NONE leaves the choice of the initial window position up to the underlying window manager (possibly Agar itself, or an external WM).

If the tiling argument is 1, the AG_WINDOW_TILING flag is set (see FLAGS section). With tiling enabled, the WM will try to avoid overlap between existing windows.

AG_WindowMove() moves the window to a new position xRel, yRel relative to the window's current position.

AG_WindowSetGeometry() moves/resizes a window to the specific position and geometry, given in pixels. If a value of -1 is passed for w or h, the window's default (or current) geometry is preserved.

The AG_WindowSetGeometryRect() variant of AG_WindowSetGeometry() accepts a AG_Rect(3) argument. The bounded argument specifies whether the window should be limited to the available view area.

The AG_WindowSetGeometryAligned() variant assigns the window a specific size in pixels and positions it according to the specified window alignment (see description of AG_WindowSetPosition() for the possible values). The parameters of AG_WindowSetGeometryAlignedPct() are given in percentage of current view area instead of pixels. Calling these functions with an argument of AG_WINDOW_ALIGNMENT_NONE is a no-op.

The AG_WindowSetGeometryMax() variant sets the geometry to the size of the display (without setting the AG_WINDOW_MAXIMIZED flag).

The AG_WindowSetMinSize() routine sets the minimum window size in pixels. AG_WindowSetMinSizePct() sets the minimum window size in percentage of the requested (computed) size.

AG_WindowSetOpacity() configures an overall per-window opacity (for compositing WMs). The argument can range from 0.0 (transparent) to 1.0 (opaque). This function is not available in integer-only builds.

For windows with the AG_WINDOW_FADEIN or AG_WINDOW_FADEOUT flags, AG_WindowSetFadeIn() and AG_WindowSetFadeOut() can be used to configure the fade timing parameters. During fade-in, the window opacity will be repeatedly incremented by fadeIncr, over a total period of fadeTime (in seconds). This feature is not available in integer-only builds.

The AG_WindowSetZoom() function sets the zoom level of the window. The AG_ZoomIn(), AG_ZoomOut() and AG_ZoomReset() functions set the zoom level for the currently focused window. It is customary to assign AG_GlobalKeys(3) shortcuts to these functions.

AG_WindowMaximize() and AG_WindowMinimize() maximizes and minimizes the window, respectively. AG_WindowUnmaximize() and AG_WindowUnminimize() does the opposite.

The AG_WindowAttach() function registers winChld as a child window dependent of winParent. Detaching the parent window (using AG_ObjectDetach(3)) will cause dependent child windows to be detached implicitely. Child windows also inherit the style properties from their parent. The AG_WindowDetach() function detaches the window from its parent window.

AG_WindowMakeTransient() registers winTrans as a dependent and transient window for winParent. The effects of transient window state are dependent on the underlying window system and window manager. Under Motif, transient windows have no titlebar buttons. Under TWM, transient windows are created without requesting that the user select an initial geometry. Detaching winParent (using AG_ObjectDetach(3)) will cause winTrans to be detached implicitely.

The AG_WindowPin() function "pins" winToPin to the parent window winParent. If the parent window is moved, the pinned window will be displaced along with it. AG_WindowUnpin() unpins the given window.

The AG_WindowUpdate() function updates the coordinates and geometries of all widgets attached to win. AG_WindowUpdate() should be called following AG_ObjectAttach(3) or AG_ObjectDetach(3) calls made in event context, or manual modifications of the x, y, w, h fields of the AG_Window structure. Also see: AG_WidgetUpdate(3).

DRIVER / EVENT LOOP INTERFACE
The following functions should be called only from application-specific event loops, or low-level driver code. The standard AG_EventLoop(3) invokes them internally.

void AG_WindowDraw(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowDrawQueued(void)

void AG_WindowProcessQueued(void)

The AG_WindowDraw() function renders the specified window (by calling the renderWindow() operation of the associated AG_Driver(3)). Calls to AG_WindowDraw() must be made in GUI rendering context, between AG_BeginRendering(3) and AG_EndRendering(3).

AG_WindowDrawQueued() redraws any window marked as dirty since the last redraw.

The AG_WindowProcessQueued() routine processes any queued AG_ObjectDetach(3), AG_WindowShow(3) or AG_WindowHide(3) operation.

VISIBILITY
void AG_WindowShow(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowHide(AG_Window *win)

int AG_WindowIsVisible(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowLower(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowRaise(AG_Window *win)

AG_WindowShow() makes a window visible and broadcasts the "widget-shown" event to win and its children.

AG_WindowHide() makes a window invisible and broadcasts the "widget-hidden" event to win and its children.

Note that AG_WindowHide() keeps the window and its resources in memory. To destroy a window and release its resources, one should use AG_ObjectDetach(3).

AG_WindowIsVisible() returns the current visibility status of a window. A value of 0 means the window is invisible, 1 means it is visible.

AG_WindowLower() lowers the window to the bottom of the stack.

AG_WindowRaise() raises the window to the top of the stack so that it is not obscured by other sibling windows.

FOCUS STATE
The focus state controls the default filtering of events as well as the behavior and cosmetic appearance of some widgets. See the “FOCUS STATE” section of AG_Widget(3) for details.

void AG_WindowFocus(AG_Window *win)

int AG_WindowFocusNamed(const char *name)

int AG_WindowFocusAtPos(AG_DriverSw *drv, int x, int y)

AG_Window * AG_WindowFind(const char *name)

AG_Window * AG_WindowFindFocused(void)

int AG_WindowIsFocused(AG_Window *win)

void AG_WindowCycleFocus(AG_Window *win, int reverse)

void AG_CloseFocusedWindow(void)

The AG_WindowFocus() function sets the focus on the given window. If the currently focused window has the AG_WINDOW_KEEPABOVE flag set, this function becomes a no-op. The focus change may not be immediate depending on the underlying graphics system. A ‘window-gainfocus’ event is posted to the window object after the focus change has occurred. If an argument of NULL is passed to AG_WindowFocus(), any planned change in focus is cancelled.

AG_WindowFocusNamed() calls AG_WindowFocus() on the window of the given name and returns 0 on success or -1 if the window was not found.

AG_WindowFocusAtPos() looks for a window at the specified coordinates in pixels, in the video display associated with the given single-display driver drv (see AG_DriverSw(3)). If a window is found, AG_WindowFocus() is called on it and 1 is returned. Otherwise, 0 is returned.

AG_WindowFind() searches all AG_Driver(3) instances for a named window a returns a pointer to it on success or NULL if none was found.

AG_WindowFindFocused() returns a pointer to the window currently holding input focus, or NULL if there are none. AG_WindowIsFocused() returns 1 if the window is currently holding focus, otherwise 0.

AG_WindowCycleFocus() places the focus over the widget following (or preceeding if reverse is 1) the widget currently holding focus inside of win. By default, Agar maps the "TAB" key to this function.

The AG_CloseFocusedWindow() routine requests closure of the currently focused window, if any.

MISCELLANEOUS
AG_Window * AG_About(void)

void AG_ViewCapture(void)

AG_About() generates an "About Agar GUI" dialog box with copyright information for the Agar GUI library and core fonts (from gui/license.txt).

AG_ViewCapture() is only available with single-window drivers. It dumps the contents of the display surface to ~/.<progname>/screenshot/.

STRUCTURE DATA
For the AG_Window object:

Uint flags
    Option flags (see FLAGS section below).

int wmType
    Window manager hint describing window function (see WINDOW MANAGER HINTS below).

int visible
    Visibility flag (1 = visible, 0 = hidden). Read-only (see AG_WindowShow() and AG_WindowHide()).

int dirty
    Redraw flag. If set to 1, the window will be redrawn as soon as possible.

AG_Titlebar *tbar
    Pointer to the associated AG_Titlebar(3) widget, or NULL if the window has no titlebar. Read-only.

int wReq, hReq
    Ideal window geometry in pixels, as last computed from the size_request() operation of its attached widgets. Read-only (see AG_WidgetSizeReq(3)).

int wMin, hMin
    Suggested minimum window geometyry in pixels. Read-only (use AG_WindowSetMinSize()).

AG_Window *parent
    Pointer to parent window, or NULL if there isn't any. Read-only (see AG_WindowAttach() and AG_WindowDetach()).

TAILQ subwins
    List of dependent child windows. Read-only (see AG_WindowAttach() and AG_WindowDetach()).

AG_Icon *icon
    Pointer to the floating AG_Icon(3) object if we are using Agar's internal window manager, NULL otherwise. Read-only.

WINDOW MANAGER HINTS
The wmType field of AG_Window hints at the function of the window. This setting is used by underlying WMs to tweak window appearance and behavior details. The values correspond to those specified in Extended Window Manager Hints (EWMH) version 1.4.

    enum ag_window_wm_type {
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_NORMAL,        /* Normal, top-level window */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_DESKTOP,       /* Desktop feature */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_DOCK,          /* Dock or panel feature */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_TOOLBAR,       /* Toolbar torn off from main window */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_MENU,          /* Pinnable menu window */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_UTILITY,       /* Persistent utility window (e.g.,
    	                               a palette or a toolbox). */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_SPLASH,        /* Introductory splash screen */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_DIALOG,        /* Dialog window */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_DROPDOWN_MENU, /* Menubar-triggered drop-down menu */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_POPUP_MENU,    /* Contextual popup menu */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_TOOLTIP,       /* Mouse hover triggered tooltip */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_NOTIFICATION,  /* Notification bubble */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_COMBO,         /* Combo-box triggered window */
    	AG_WINDOW_WM_DND            /* Draggable object */
    };

FLAGS
For the AG_Window object:

AG_WINDOW_TILING
    If no explicit window position is specified, choose a default position using a tiling WM algorithm. This method honors the preferred window alignment, and also attempts to avoid overlap with other tiling windows. Non-tiling windows are ignored in the calculation.

AG_WINDOW_FADEIN
    Enable smooth fade-in for compositing WM.

AG_WINDOW_FADEOUT
    Enable smooth fade-out for compositing WM (only applies to hide operation, not detach).

AG_WINDOW_MAXIMIZED
    Window is currently maximized (read-only).

AG_WINDOW_MINIMIZED
    Window is currently minimized (read-only).

AG_WINDOW_KEEPABOVE
    Stay on top of other windows.

AG_WINDOW_KEEPBELOW
    Stay below other windows.

AG_WINDOW_DENYFOCUS
    Don't automatically grab focus in response to a ‘mouse-button-down’ event in the window area.

AG_WINDOW_MODAL
    Place window in foreground and prevent other windows from receiving input events until the modal window is closed. If the modal window is transient (see AG_WindowMakeTransient()), then it is modal for its parent window, otherwise it is application-modal.

AG_WINDOW_NOBACKGROUND
    Don't fill the window background prior to rendering its contents.

AG_WINDOW_MAIN
    Break from AG_EventLoop(3) if this window gets destroyed. Multiple windows may set this flag, in which case the break will occur whenever the last window is closed.

AG_WINDOW_NOUPDATERECT
    Disable automatic updating of the video region corresponding to the window area (applicable to framebuffer-based graphics drivers only)

AG_WINDOW_NOTITLE
    Create a window without a titlebar. Under some WMs, this may imply AG_WINDOW_NOBORDERS.

AG_WINDOW_NOBORDERS
    Don't draw decorative window borders. Under some WMs, this may imply AG_WINDOW_NOTITLE.

AG_WINDOW_PLAIN
    Create a completely undecorated window (alias for AG_WINDOW_NOTITLE and AG_WINDOW_NOBORDERS).

AG_WINDOW_NOHRESIZE
    Disable horizontal window resize control.

AG_WINDOW_NOVRESIZE
    Disable vertical window resize control.

AG_WINDOW_NORESIZE
    Alias for AG_WINDOW_NO[HV]RESIZE.

AG_WINDOW_NOCLOSE
    Disable window close button in titelbar.

AG_WINDOW_NOMINIMIZE
    Disable minimize button in titlebar.

AG_WINDOW_NOMAXIMIZE
    Disable maximize button in titlebar.

AG_WINDOW_NOBUTTONS
    Alias for AG_WINDOW_NOCLOSE, AG_WINDOW_NOMINIMIZE and AG_WINDOW_NOMAXIMIZE.

AG_WINDOW_HMAXIMIZE
    Keep window scaled to the display width.

AG_WINDOW_VMAXIMIZE
    Keep window scaled to the display height.

AG_WINDOW_NOMOVE
    User is not allowed to move the window.

AG_WINDOW_NOCURSORCHG
    Deny any cursor change requested by widgets attached to this window. This flag is automatically set whenever a window hidden, and cleared a window is made visible.

EVENTS
The GUI system may send AG_Window objects the following events:

window-close(void)
    Request to close the window. Set by AG_WindowSetCloseAction(). The default is to hide the window (for anonymous windows created by AG_WindowNew()) or to detach the window (for those created by AG_WindowNewNamed()). It is safe for a handler to ignore the request or to create new windows (e.g., confirmation dialogs) in response.

window-detached(void)
    The window has been successfully detached (as per a previous AG_ObjectDetach(3) request).

window-shown(void)
    The window is now visible.

window-hidden(void)
    The window is no longer visible.

window-enter(void)
    The cursor has entered the window area.

window-leave(void)
    The cursor has left the window area.

EXAMPLES
The following code fragment creates an Agar window containing a label and a row of buttons. It will be positioned and dimensioned automatically:

    AG_Window *win;
    AG_Box *box;
    win = AG_WindowNew(0);
    AG_LabelNew(win, 0, "Hello!");
    box = AG_BoxNewHoriz(win, AG_BOX_EXPAND);
    {
    	AG_ButtonNew(box, 0, "Foo");
    	AG_ButtonNew(box, 0, "Bar");
    	AG_ButtonNew(box, 0, "Baz");
    }
    AG_WindowShow(win);

The following code fragment creates an empty Agar window with a green background, centers it and sets an explicit size of 320x240:

    AG_Window *win;
    win = AG_WindowNew(0);
    AG_SetStyle(win, "background-color", "green");
    AG_WindowSetGeometryAligned(win, AG_WINDOW_MC, 320, 240);
    AG_WindowShow(win);

SEE ALSO
AG_Cursor(3), AG_Icon(3), AG_Intro(3), AG_View(3), AG_Widget(3)

HISTORY
The AG_Window system first appeared in Agar 1.0. In Agar 1.6.0, the AG_WindowFind() call was added and AG_WindowNewSw() was renamed AG_WindowNewUnder(). AG_WindowSetPadding() and AG_WindowSetSpacing() were deprecated in favor of the "padding" and "spacing" style attributes.